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1977 Italian supernatural horror film by Dario Argento

This article is about the 1977 film. For the 2024 remake of the 4️⃣ film, see Suspiria (2024 film) . For other uses, see Suspiria (disambiguation)

Suspiria is a 1977 Italian supernatural horror film directed 4️⃣ by Dario Argento, who co-wrote the screenplay with Daria Nicolodi, partially based on Thomas De Quincey's 1845 essay Suspiria de 4️⃣ Profundis. The film stars Jessica Harper as an American ballet student who transfers to a prestigious dance academy but realizes, 4️⃣ after a series of brutal murders, that the academy is a front for a supernatural conspiracy. It also features Stefania 4️⃣ Casini, Flavio Bucci, Miguel Bosé, Alida Valli, Udo Kier, and Joan Bennett, in her final film role.

The film is the 4️⃣ first of the trilogy Argento refers to as The Three Mothers, which also comprises Inferno (1980) and The Mother of 4️⃣ Tears (2007). Suspiria has received a positive response from critics for its visual and stylistic flair, use of vibrant colors 4️⃣ and its score by Argento and the progressive rock band Goblin.

Suspiria was nominated for two Saturn Awards: Best Supporting Actress 4️⃣ for Bennett in 1978, and Best DVD Classic Film Release, in 2002. It is recognised as one of the most 4️⃣ influential films in the horror genre and has received acclaim from critics in retrospective reviews.[3] It served as the inspiration 4️⃣ for a 2024 film of the same title, directed by Luca Guadagnino.

Plot [ edit ]

Suzy Bannion, a young American ballet 4️⃣ student, arrives in Freiburg, Baden-Württemberg, Germany during a torrential downpour to study at the co-ed Tanz Akademie, a prestigious German 4️⃣ dance school. She sees another student, Pat Hingle, flee the school in terror. Suzy is refused entry to the school 4️⃣ and forced to stay in town overnight. Pat takes refuge at a friend's apartment and tells her that something sinister 4️⃣ happened at the school. Pat is ambushed by a shadowy figure who stabs her repeatedly and drags her to the 4️⃣ roof of the apartment building before hanging her with a noose by throwing her through the building's skylight. Pat's friend 4️⃣ is also killed after being impaled by a falling giant shard of glass while trying to alert other tenants to 4️⃣ the murder.

Suzy returns to the school the next morning, where she meets Miss Tanner, the head instructor, and Madame Blanc, 4️⃣ the deputy headmistress. Tanner introduces Suzy to Pavlos, one of the school's servants. She also meets classmates Sara and Olga, 4️⃣ her new roommate. Suzy experiences an unsettling encounter with one of the school's matrons and Blanc's nephew, Albert, before passing 4️⃣ out during a dance class. When she regains consciousness, Suzy learns that Olga has thrown her out of her apartment, 4️⃣ forcing her to live at the school with Sara in the room next door.

While the students are preparing for supper 4️⃣ one night, maggots rain down from the ceilings of their rooms due to a shipment of spoiled food in the 4️⃣ attic, forcing them to sleep in one of the dance studios. During the night, a woman enters the room but 4️⃣ is obscured by a curtain hung around the room's perimeter. Sara, frightened by her hoarse and labored breathing, recognizes her 4️⃣ as the school's headmistress, who is supposedly out of town. The next day, the school's blind pianist, Daniel, is abruptly 4️⃣ fired by Miss Tanner when his German Shepherd bites Albert. Daniel is stalked by an unseen force while walking through 4️⃣ a plaza that night; his dog turns on him and viciously rips out his throat.

Sara tells Suzy that she was 4️⃣ the one on the intercom who refused her entry the night Pat was murdered. She reveals that Pat was behaving 4️⃣ strangely before her death and promises to show Suzy the notes that she left behind. Sara finds that Pat's notes 4️⃣ are missing and is forced to flee when an unseen assailant enters the room. They pursue her through the school 4️⃣ before cornering her in the attic. She escapes through a small window before falling into a pit of razor wire, 4️⃣ entangling her and allowing her pursuer to kill her by slashing her throat.

Suzy investigates Sara's disappearance the next morning. Tanner 4️⃣ tells her that Sara has fled the school. Suspicious, Suzy contacts Sara's friend and former psychiatrist, Frank Mandel. He reveals 4️⃣ that the school was established by Greek émigrée Helena Markos in 1895, who was allegedly a witch. Suzy also consults 4️⃣ with Professor Milius, a professor of the occult. He reveals that a coven of witches perishes without their leader, from 4️⃣ whom they draw power.

When Suzy returns to the school, she finds that everyone has left to attend the Bolshoi Ballet. 4️⃣ After being attacked by a bat and recalling a conversation with Sara about footsteps, she follows the sound of them 4️⃣ carefully, leading her to Madame Blanc's office. Remembering that Pat uttered the words secret and iris the night that she 4️⃣ was killed, Suzy discovers a hidden door that opens by turning a blue iris on a mural in Blanc's office. 4️⃣ Suzy enters the corridor and finds the academy's instructors, led by Madame Blanc, plotting her demise in the form of 4️⃣ a human sacrifice. Albert alerts Pavlos to Suzy's presence. Suzy hides in an alcove, where she finds Sara's disfigured corpse.

Pursued 4️⃣ by Pavlos, Suzy retreats to Helena Markos's bedroom. Suzy finds Markos sleeping, recognizing her as the headmistress by her labored 4️⃣ breathing. She accidentally wakes her by breaking a decorative peacock with crystal plumage. Markos renders herself invisible and taunts Suzy 4️⃣ before reanimating Sara's mutilated corpse to murder her. When flashes of lightning inadvertently reveal Markos's silhouette, Suzy impales her through 4️⃣ the neck with one of the peacock's broken glass quills. Markos's death causes Sara's corpse to vanish.

Suzy flees as the 4️⃣ school starts to implode. Madame Blanc, Miss Tanner, Pavlos and the rest of the coven perish without the power of 4️⃣ Markos to sustain them. Suzy escapes into the rainy night as the school is consumed by fire.

Cast [ edit ]

Production 4️⃣ [ edit ]

Development [ edit ]

Argento based Suspiria in part on Thomas De Quincey's essay Suspiria de Profundis (1845). Critic 4️⃣ Maitland McDonagh notes: "In Argento's reading [of the material], the three mothers generate/inhabit a cinematic world informed by Jungian archetypal 4️⃣ imagery, each holding sway over a particular city." Argento said the idea for the film came to him after a 4️⃣ trip through several European cities, including Lyon, Prague, and Turin.[7] He became fascinated by the "Magic Triangle", a point where 4️⃣ the countries of France, Germany, and Switzerland meet; this is where Rudolf Steiner, a controversial social reformer and occultist, founded 4️⃣ an anthroposophic community.[7] Commenting on witchcraft and the occult, Argento stated: "There's very little to joke about. It's something that 4️⃣ exists."[7] The title and general concept of "The Three Mothers"—a concept Argento would expand upon in Inferno and Mother of 4️⃣ Tears—came from De Quincey's essay, which was an uncredited inspiration for the film. There is a section in the work 4️⃣ entitled "Levana and Our Ladies of Sorrow".[9] The piece asserts that just as there are three Fates and three Graces, 4️⃣ there are three Sorrows: "Mater Lacrymarum, Our Lady of Tears", "Mater Suspiriorum, Our Lady of Sighs", and "Mater Tenebrarum, Our 4️⃣ Lady of Darkness".

Daria Nicolodi helped Argento write the screenplay for the film, which combined the occult themes that interested Argento 4️⃣ with fairytales that were inspiring to Nicolodi, such as Bluebeard, Pinocchio, and Alice's Adventures in Wonderland.[7] Nicolodi also partially based 4️⃣ her contributions to the screenplay on a personal story her grandmother had told her, in which her grandmother had gone 4️⃣ to take a piano lesson at an unnamed academy where she believed she encountered black magic.[7] The encounter terrified her 4️⃣ grandmother, prompting her to flee.[7] This story, however, was later said by Argento to have been fabricated.[10] Using Nicolodi's core 4️⃣ ideas, Argento helped co-write the screenplay, which he chose to set at a dance academy in Freiburg im Breisgau, near 4️⃣ the German borders with Switzerland and France.[7] The lead character of Suzy Bannion was based on Snow White.[7] Initially, the 4️⃣ characters in the film were very young girls—around eight to ten years old—but this was altered when the film's producers 4️⃣ were hesitant to make a film with all young actors.[7] Additionally, the final sequence of the film was based on 4️⃣ a dream Nicolodi had while she was staying in Los Angeles.[7]

Casting [ edit ]

Stefania Casini (left) plays a supporting role 4️⃣ as Sarah, while Jessica Harper (right) plays the lead character, Suzy Bannion

American actress Jessica Harper was cast in the lead 4️⃣ role of American ballet dancer Suzy Bannion,[11] after attending an audition via the William Morris Agency.[7] Argento chose Harper based 4️⃣ on her performance in Brian De Palma's Phantom of the Paradise (1974).[7] Upon being cast in the film, Harper watched 4️⃣ Argento's Four Flies on Grey Velvet (1971) to better understand the director's style.[7] Harper turned down a role in Woody 4️⃣ Allen's Annie Hall (1977) in order to appear in the film.[12]

Argento requested Italian actress Stefania Casini for the supporting role 4️⃣ of Sara, a request which she obliged, having been an admirer of his films.[7] Daria Nicolodi had originally planned on 4️⃣ playing the role of Sara, but was unable to due to an injury, and Casini was brought in at the 4️⃣ last minute.[7] German actor Udo Kier was cast in the minor supporting role of Frank Mandel.[7]

Filming [ edit ]

The façade 4️⃣ of The Whale House in Freiburg was replicated for the film.

The majority of Suspiria was shot at De Paoli studios 4️⃣ in Rome, where key exterior sets (including the façade of the academy) were constructed. Actress Harper described the film shoot 4️⃣ as "very, very focused", as Argento "knew exactly what he was looking for".[7] The façade of the academy was replicated 4️⃣ on a soundstage from the real-life Whale House in Freiburg.[7] Additional photography took place in Munich, including Daniel's death scene 4️⃣ in the Königsplatz square, as well as the opening scene of the film, which was shot on location at the 4️⃣ Munich Airport.[7] The scene in which Suzy meets with Dr. Mandel was filmed outside the BMW Headquarters building in Munich.[7]

Suspiria 4️⃣ is noteworthy for several stylistic flourishes that have become Argento trademarks, particularly the use of set-piece structures that allow the 4️⃣ camera to linger on pronounced visual elements. Cinematographer Luciano Tovoli was hired by Argento to shoot the film, based on 4️⃣ color film tests he had completed, which Argento felt matched his vision, in part inspired by Snow White (1937).[7] The 4️⃣ film was shot using anamorphic lenses. The production design and cinematography emphasize vivid primary colors, particularly red, creating a deliberately 4️⃣ unrealistic, nightmarish setting, emphasized by the use of imbibition Technicolor prints. Commenting on the film's lush colors, Argento said:

We were 4️⃣ trying to reproduce the colour of Walt Disney's Snow White; it has been said from the beginning that Technicolor lacked 4️⃣ subdued shades, [and] was without nuances—like cut-out cartoons.

The imbibition process, used for The Wizard of Oz (1939) and Gone with 4️⃣ the Wind (1939), is much more vivid in its color rendition than emulsion-based release prints, therefore enhancing the nightmarish qualities 4️⃣ of the film Argento intended to evoke.[7] It was one of the final feature films to be processed in Technicolor, 4️⃣ using the last remaining machine in Rome.[16]

Dubbing [ edit ]

All of the actors' dialogue was dubbed through additional dialogue recording—a 4️⃣ common practice in Italian filmmaking at the time.[7]

Musical score [ edit ]

The Italian progressive rock band Goblin composed most of 4️⃣ the film's score in collaboration with Argento himself.[7] Goblin had scored Argento's earlier film Deep Red as well as several 4️⃣ films following Suspiria. In the film's opening credits, they are referred to as "The Goblins".[7] Like Ennio Morricone's compositions for 4️⃣ Sergio Leone, Goblin's score for Suspiria was created before the film was shot.[7] It has been reused in multiple Hong 4️⃣ Kong films, including Yuen Woo-ping's martial arts film Dance of the Drunk Mantis (1979) and Tsui Hark's horror-comedy We're Going 4️⃣ to Eat You (1980).

The main title theme was named as one of the best songs released between 1977 and 1979 4️⃣ in the book The Pitchfork 500: Our Guide to the Greatest Songs from Punk to the Present, compiled by music 4️⃣ website Pitchfork. It has been sampled on the Raekwon and Ghostface Killah song "Legal Coke",[17] from the R. A. G. 4️⃣ U. mix tape, by RJD2 for the song "Weather People" by Cage[18] and by Army of the Pharaohs in their 4️⃣ song "Swords Drawn".

Release [ edit ]

Suspiria was released in Italy on 1 February 1977.[19] 20th Century Fox acquired the American 4️⃣ distribution rights;[20] due to its violent content, they were hesitant to release Suspiria, but eventually premiered the film in July 4️⃣ 1977 through a shell company, International Classics.[12][22] The original American prints were cut by a total of eight minutes in 4️⃣ order for the film to pass with an R-rating.[12] Despite initial reservations, the film's American release was commercially successful, and 4️⃣ proved to be Fox's seventh highest-grossing release of the year in theatrical rentals. Of all of Argento's films, Suspiria was 4️⃣ his highest–grossing in the United States.

Critical response [ edit ]

Janet Maslin of The New York Times wrote a mixed review, 4️⃣ saying the film had "slender charms, though they will most assuredly be lost on viewers who are squeamish."[24] The Los 4️⃣ Angeles Times's Kevin Thomas wrote that the film was "consistently suspenseful and diverting" despite being "marred by stilted, poorly dubbed 4️⃣ English dialogue".[25] John Stark of The San Francisco Examiner was critical, writing: "Suspiria is mostly gore, with little plot or 4️⃣ intrigue."[26] Gene Siskel of the Chicago Tribune expressed similar sentiments, criticizing Harper's role to being "reduced to cowering in corners" 4️⃣ and "costumed to look much younger than her years"; while praising Argento's "visually stylish" direction, he felt that Suspiria was 4️⃣ inferior to his directorial debut The Bird with the Crystal Plumage (1970) and "plays like a weak imitation of The 4️⃣ Exorcist (1973)".[22]

Like Siskel, Bruce McCabe of The Boston Globe likened the film to The Exorcist and The Sentinel (1977), ultimately 4️⃣ deeming it "a fitful, uneven piece of work too often more uncontrolled than the hysteria it's trying to create."[27] Dave 4️⃣ Kehr of the Chicago Reader gave a favorable review, claiming that "Argento works so hard for his effects—throwing around shock 4️⃣ cuts, colored lights and peculiar camera angles—that it would be impolite not to be a little frightened".[28] Although J. Hoberman 4️⃣ of The Village Voice gave a positive review as well, he called it "a movie that makes sense only to 4️⃣ the eye".[29] Bob Keaton of the Fort Lauderdale News praised the film's "well-crafted plot", likening elements of it to the 4️⃣ works of Edgar Allan Poe, adding: "For the seekers of superficially devilish thrills, Suspiria is just the thing."[30] A review 4️⃣ in the Colorado Springs Gazette deemed it "a film to experience and for lovers of cinematic suspense ... Suspiria may 4️⃣ prove to be the most harrowing shocker ever filmed."[31]

Retrospective assessment [ edit ]

In the years since its release, Suspiria has 4️⃣ been cited by critics as a cult film.[32] In the book European Nightmares: Horror Cinema in Europe Since 1945 (2012), 4️⃣ the film is noted for being an "exemplar of Eurohorror ... it is excessive but here the excess seems to 4️⃣ entail a more forceful retardation of a narrative drive, to the extent that the narrative periodically ceases to exist." Suspiria 4️⃣ has been praised by film historians and critics for its emphasized employment of color and elaborate set-pieces; film scholar John 4️⃣ Kenneth Muir notes that "each and every frame of Suspiria is composed with an artistic, remarkable attention to color."

The Village 4️⃣ Voice ranked Suspiria #100 on their list of the 100 greatest films made in the 20th century.[35] Adam Smith of 4️⃣ Empire magazine awarded the film a perfect score of five out of five.[36] Empire magazine also ranked Suspiria #312 on 4️⃣ their list of the 500 greatest films ever[37] as well as number 45 on their list 'The 100 Best Films 4️⃣ of World Cinema'.[38] AllMovie called it "one of the most striking assaults on the senses ever to be committed to 4️⃣ celluloid ... this unrelenting tale of the supernatural was—and likely still is—the closest a filmmaker has come to capturing a 4️⃣ nightmare on film."[19] Entertainment Weekly ranked Suspiria #18 on their list of the 25 scariest films ever.[39] A poll of 4️⃣ critics of Total Film ranked it #3 on their list of the 50 greatest horror films ever.[40] One of the 4️⃣ film's sequences was ranked at #24 on Bravo's The 100 Scariest Movie Moments program.[41] IGN ranked it #20 on their 4️⃣ list of the 25 best horror films.[42]

On the review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes, the film holds a 93% score based on 4️⃣ 61 retrospectively collected reviews, with an average rating of 8.40/10. The website's critical consensus states: "The blood pours freely in 4️⃣ Argento's classic Suspiria, a giallo horror as grandiose and glossy as it is gory."[43] Rotten Tomatoes also ranked it #61 4️⃣ on their list of the top 100 horror movies.[44] On Metacritic, the film has a weighted average score of 79 4️⃣ out of 100, based on 11 critics, indicating "generally favorable reviews".[45]

Home media [ edit ]

Suspiria was released on DVD by 4️⃣ Anchor Bay Entertainment in a three-disc set[46] on 11 September 2001. This release, which was a limited edition run restricted 4️⃣ to 60,000 units, features a THX-certified video master of the film, with a second disc consisting of a 52-minute documentary 4️⃣ and other bonus material; the third disc is a CD consisting of the original film score.[46] This release also includes 4️⃣ a 28-page booklet and ten lobby card and poster reproductions.[47] Goblin frontman Claudio Simonetti later formed the heavy-metal band Daemonia; 4️⃣ the DVD also contains a video of the band playing a reworking of the Suspiria theme. A standard single-disc edition 4️⃣ was released by Anchor Bay the following month.[48]

On 19 December 2024, the independent home media distributor Synapse Films released the 4️⃣ film for the first time on Blu-ray in the United States in a limited steelbook package.[49] This release also consists 4️⃣ of three discs which include a 4K restoration of the feature film, bonus materials, and the original score on a 4️⃣ compact disc.[49] A wide-release version not containing the soundtrack CD was released on 13 March 2024.[50] On 19 November 2024, 4️⃣ Synapse released their restoration in 4K but without the soundtrack CD nor an accompanying Blu-ray disc.[citation needed]

In Italy, the film 4️⃣ received a 4K-remastered Blu-ray release via the Italian distributor Videa in February 2024. It did not use the same 4K 4️⃣ restoration as the US Synapse release.[citation needed]

Legacy [ edit ]

Three bands—the Norwegian thrash-metal band Susperia; a pioneering mid-1990s UK gothic 4️⃣ rock band, Suspiria; and the witch-house project Mater Suspiria Vision—have named themselves after the film. Several albums have also used 4️⃣ the title, including an album by gothic metal band Darkwell, an album by Darkwave band Miranda Sex Garden and Suspiria 4️⃣ de Profundis by Die Form, which can also be regarded as inspired by Thomas De Quincey's work of the same 4️⃣ title. The film's music has also been imitated and sampled by various artists, including Ministry in the track "Psalm 69" 4️⃣ from their album Psalm 69: The Way to Succeed and the Way to Suck Eggs, Cage Kennylz on "Weather People" 4️⃣ and Atmosphere on "Bird Sings Why the Caged I Know". The American death metal band Infester included a sample from 4️⃣ the film in their song, "Chamber of Reunion", from their album To the Depths, In Degradation (1994). The Houston, Texas-based 4️⃣ Two Star Symphony Orchestra included a track titled "Goblin Attack" on their 2004 CD Danse Macabre: Constant Companion that features 4️⃣ a strings rendition of the Suspiria theme; the track's title also appears to be a reference to the band Goblin. 4️⃣ The 69 Eyes have a song called "Suspiria Snow White" on their album Back in Blood (2009).[citation needed] In 1991, 4️⃣ the California-based instrumental band Gargamel recorded a version of the Suspiria theme featuring dulcimer and tape manipulations amongst their covers 4️⃣ of horror film soundtrack compositions.[51]

A section of the soundtrack cue "Markos" was incorporated into the Australian radiophonic work What's Rangoon 4️⃣ to You is Grafton to Me, conceived and written by radio presenter and author Russell Guy, co-narrated by Guy and 4️⃣ former ABC-TV newsreader James Dibble, and co-produced by Guy and Graham Wyatt. It was originally broadcast in 1978 on the 4️⃣ ABC's "youth" radio station 2JJ aka Double Jay (the Sydney-based AM-band precursor to the current Triple J network).[citation needed]

In books 4️⃣ by Simon R. Green, mentions are often made of a "Black Forest Dance Academy" in Germany, a place where witches 4️⃣ and Satanists gather, a possible reference to Suspiria.[citation needed]

Suspiria is featured in the documentary film Terror in the Aisles (1984). 4️⃣ In the comedy-drama film Juno (2007), Suspiria is considered by the title character to be the goriest film ever made, 4️⃣ until she is shown The Wizard of Gore and changes her mind, saying it is actually gorier than Suspiria. The 4️⃣ film is also mentioned in the episode "The Seminar" of The Office (season 7), Kirby Reed's horror film collection in 4️⃣ the horror film Scream 4 (2011), and in Ryan Murphy’s American Horror Story: Hotel where a character watches Suspiria on 4️⃣ television.[citation needed]

In March 2024, a new score, featuring members of King Gizzard and the Lizard Wizard alongside other Melbourne musicians, 4️⃣ was performed live with a screening of the film.[52]

Related works [ edit ]

Subsequent films [ edit ]

Suspiria is the first 4️⃣ of a trilogy of films by Argento, referred to as "The Three Mothers". The trilogy centers around three witches, or 4️⃣ "Mothers of Sorrow" who unleash evil from three locations in the world. In Suspiria, Helena Marcos is Mater Suspiriorum ( 4️⃣ lit. Latin: "Mother of Sighs") in Freiburg. Argento's 1980 film Inferno focuses on Mater Tenebrarum ( lit. Latin: "Mother of 4️⃣ Darkness"), in New York City. The final installment in the trilogy, The Mother of Tears (2007), focuses on Mater Lachrymarum 4️⃣ ( lit. Latin: "Mother of Tears") in Rome.

Film scholar L. Andrew Cooper notes "Aesthetic experience is arguably the ultimate source 4️⃣ of 'meaning' in all of Argento's films, but Suspiria and the other films of the Three Mothers trilogy...take their emphasis 4️⃣ on aesthetics further by self-consciously connecting their irrational worlds to nineteenth-century romanticism and the aestheticism that grew out of it."

Unfilmed 4️⃣ remake [ edit ]

It was announced through MTV in 2008 that a remake of Suspiria was in production, to be 4️⃣ directed by David Gordon Green, who directed films such as Undertow and Pineapple Express.[56] The announcement was met with hostility 4️⃣ by some,[57] including Argento himself.[58] The film was to be produced by Italian production company First Sun.[59] In August 2008, 4️⃣ it was reported that Natalie Portman and Annette Savitch's Handsome Charlie Films were set to produce the remake, and that 4️⃣ Portman would play the lead role.[60] The project was also announced to be produced by Marco Morabito and Luca Guadagnino.[61] 4️⃣ After a period of no news in which it was thought that the remake attempt had failed, Green said in 4️⃣ August 2011 that he was still trying to remake the film.[57] It was announced on 15 May 2012 that actress 4️⃣ Isabelle Fuhrman would be cast as the lead.[62] Later that year, however, the planned remake was put on hold. In 4️⃣ January 2013, Green revealed that it might never happen due to legal issues.[63] In April 2014, Green admitted the remake 4️⃣ was too expensive to make during the "found-footage boom", and thus the film was ultimately not made.[64]

In April 2024, an 4️⃣ English-language television series based on the film—along with a series based on Sergio Corbucci's Django (1966)—was announced as being developed 4️⃣ by Atlantique Productions and Cattleya. Both series were set to consist of twelve 50-minute long episodes, with the possibility of 4️⃣ multiple seasons.[65][66][67][68][69]

2024 film [ edit ]

In September 2024, Italian director Gianluca Guadagnino announced at the 72nd Venice Film Festival that 4️⃣ he would direct a new version of Suspiria, with the intention of using the cast of his film A Bigger 4️⃣ Splash (Tilda Swinton, Matthias Schoenaerts, Ralph Fiennes, and Dakota Johnson).[70] In the lead-up to filming, Johnson stated that she was 4️⃣ undertaking ballet training to prepare.[71] On 23 November 2024, Guadagnino revealed shooting would begin in August 2024.[72][73] In October 2024, 4️⃣ it was announced that Chloë Grace Moretz would co-star, alongside Johnson and Swinton.[74] The film finished shooting on 10 March 4️⃣ 2024[75] in Berlin.[76][77] The film was described by Guadagnino as an "homage" to the 1977 film rather than a direct 4️⃣ remake.[78] Guadagnino's version is set in Berlin circa 1977 (the year in which Argento's film was released), with a thematic 4️⃣ focus on "the uncompromising force of motherhood".[79][80]

Awards [ edit ]

See also [ edit ]

References [ edit ]

Bibliography [ edit ]

I refer to all the days as "Bonus Days." Now that I am in my golden years I refer to them as "Double Bonus Days!"